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Compare El Salvador (2005) - Burkina Faso (2003)

Compare El Salvador (2005) z Burkina Faso (2003)

 El Salvador (2005)Burkina Faso (2003)
 El SalvadorBurkina Faso
Administrative divisions 14 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento); Ahuachapan, Cabanas, Chalatenango, Cuscatlan, La Libertad, La Paz, La Union, Morazan, San Miguel, San Salvador, Santa Ana, San Vicente, Sonsonate, Usulutan 45 provinces; Bale, Bam, Banwa, Bazega, Bougouriba, Boulgou, Boulkiemde, Comoe, Ganzourgou, Gnagna, Gourma, Houet, Ioba, Kadiogo, Kenedougou, Komondjari, Kompienga, Kossi, Koulpelogo, Kouritenga, Kourweogo, Leraba, Loroum, Mouhoun, Namentenga, Nahouri, Nayala, Noumbiel, Oubritenga, Oudalan, Passore, Poni, Sanguie, Sanmatenga, Seno, Sissili, Soum, Sourou, Tapoa, Tuy, Yagha, Yatenga, Ziro, Zondoma, Zoundweogo
Age structure 0-14 years: 36.5% (male 1,250,901/female 1,198,589)


15-64 years: 58.3% (male 1,860,084/female 2,051,140)


65 years and over: 5.1% (male 153,133/female 191,085) (2005 est.)
0-14 years: 46.1% (male 3,057,855; female 3,036,705)


15-64 years: 51% (male 3,296,726; female 3,455,817)


65 years and over: 2.9% (male 161,914; female 219,443) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products coffee, sugar, corn, rice, beans, oilseed, cotton, sorghum; shrimp; beef, dairy products cotton, peanuts, shea nuts, sesame, sorghum, millet, corn, rice; livestock
Airports 73 (2004 est.) 33 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways total: 4


over 3,047 m: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2004 est.)
total: 2


over 3,047 m: 1


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 69


914 to 1,523 m: 15


under 914 m: 54 (2004 est.)
total: 31


1,524 to 2,437 m: 3


914 to 1,523 m: 11


under 914 m: 17 (2002)
Area total: 21,040 sq km


land: 20,720 sq km


water: 320 sq km
total: 274,200 sq km


land: 273,800 sq km


water: 400 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Massachusetts slightly larger than Colorado
Background El Salvador achieved independence from Spain in 1821 and from the Central American Federation in 1839. A 12-year civil war, which cost about 75,000 lives, was brought to a close in 1992 when the government and leftist rebels signed a treaty that provided for military and political reforms. Independence from France came to Burkina Faso (formerly Upper Volta) in 1960. Repeated military coups during the 1970s and 1980s were followed by multiparty elections in the early 1990s. Burkina Faso's high population density and limited natural resources result in poor economic prospects for the majority of its citizens. Every year, several hundred thousand seasonal farm workers seek employment in Cote d'Ivoire and Ghana and are adversely affected by instability in those regions.
Birth rate 27.04 births/1,000 population (2005 est.) 44.78 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget revenues: $2.491 billion


expenditures: $2.782 billion, including capital expenditures of NA (2004 est.)
revenues: $316 million


expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA (2001)
Capital San Salvador Ouagadougou
Climate tropical; rainy season (May to October); dry season (November to April); tropical on coast; temperate in uplands tropical; warm, dry winters; hot, wet summers
Coastline 307 km 0 km (landlocked)
Constitution 23 December 1983 2 June 1991 approved by referendum; 11 June 1991 formally adopted
Country name conventional long form: Republic of El Salvador


conventional short form: El Salvador


local long form: Republica de El Salvador


local short form: El Salvador
conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Burkina Faso


former: Upper Volta, Republic of Upper Volta
Currency - Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note - responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African States
Death rate 5.85 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.) 18.76 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external $4.792 billion (September 2004 est.) $1.3 billion (2000)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Ambassador H. Douglas BARCLAY


embassy: Final Boulevard Santa Elena Sur, Antiguo Cuscatlan, La Libertad, San Salvador


mailing address: Unit 3116, APO AA 34023


telephone: [503] 278-4444


FAX: [503] 278-5522
chief of mission: Ambassador Anthony HOLMES


embassy: 602 Avenue Raoul Follereau, Koulouba, Secteur 4


mailing address: 01 B. P. 35, Ouagadougou 01; pouch mail - U. S. Department of State, 2440 Ouagadougou Place, Washington, DC 20521-2440


telephone: [226] 306723


FAX: [226] 303890
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Rene Antonio LEON Rodriguez


chancery: 2308 California Street NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 265-9671


FAX: [1] (202) 234-3834


consulate(s) general: Chicago, Dallas, Houston, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, Miami, New York (2), San Francisco, and Washington, DC


consulate(s): Boston
chief of mission: Ambassador Tertius ZONGO


chancery: 2340 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 332-5577


FAX: [1] (202) 667-1882
Disputes - international in 1992, the ICJ ruled on the delimitation of "bolsones" (disputed areas) along the El Salvador-Honduras boundary, but despite OAS intervention and a further ICJ ruling in 2003, full demarcation of the border remains stalled; the 1992 ICJ ruling advised a tripartite resolution to a maritime boundary in the Gulf of Fonseca advocating Honduran access to the Pacific; El Salvador continues to claim tiny Conejo Island, not identified in the ICJ decision, off Honduras in the Gulf of Fonseca two villages are in dispute along the border with Benin; Burkina Faso border regions have become a staging area for Liberia and Cote d'Ivoire rebels and an asylum for refugees caught in regional fighting; the Ivorian Government accuses Burkina Faso of supporting Ivorian rebels
Economic aid - recipient $125 million of which, $53 million from US (2003) $484.1 million (1995)
Economy - overview GDP per capita is roughly half that of Brazil, Argentina, and Chile, and the distribution of income is highly unequal. The government is striving to open new export markets, encourage foreign investment, modernize the tax and healthcare systems, and stimulate the sluggish economy. Implementation of the Central America-Dominican Republic Free Trade Agreement, ratified by El Salvador in 2004, is viewed as a key policy to help achieve these objectives. The trade deficit has been offset by annual remittances from Salvadorans living abroad - 16% of GDP in 2004 - and external aid. With the adoption of the US dollar as its currency, El Salvador has lost control over monetary policy and must concentrate on maintaining a disciplined fiscal policy. One of the poorest countries in the world, landlocked Burkina Faso has few natural resources, a fragile soil, and a highly unequal distribution of income. About 90% of the population is engaged in (mainly subsistence) agriculture, which is vulnerable to variations in rainfall. Industry remains dominated by unprofitable government-controlled corporations. Following the African franc currency devaluation in January 1994 the government updated its development program in conjunction with international agencies, and exports and economic growth have increased. Maintenance of macroeconomic progress depends on continued low inflation, reduction in the trade deficit, and reforms designed to encourage private investment. The internal crisis in neighboring Cote d'Ivoire continues to hurt trade and industrial prospects and deepens the need for international assistance.
Electricity - consumption 4.45 billion kWh (2004) 259.6 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports 91 million kWh (2004) 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports 473 million kWh (2004) 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production 4.158 billion kWh (2004) 279.2 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel: 69.9%


hydro: 30.1%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2001)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: Cerro El Pital 2,730 m
lowest point: Mouhoun (Black Volta) River 200 m


highest point: Tena Kourou 749 m
Environment - current issues deforestation; soil erosion; water pollution; contamination of soils from disposal of toxic wastes recent droughts and desertification severely affecting agricultural activities, population distribution, and the economy; overgrazing; soil degradation; deforestation
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban
Ethnic groups mestizo 90%, white 9%, Amerindian 1% Mossi over 40%, Gurunsi, Senufo, Lobi, Bobo, Mande, Fulani
Exchange rates the US dollar became El Salvador's currency in 2001 Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XOF) per US dollar - 696.99 (2002), 733.04 (2001), 711.98 (2000), 615.7 (1999), 589.95 (1998)
Executive branch chief of state: President Elias Antonio SACA Gonzalez (since 1 June 2004); Vice President Ana Vilma DE ESCOBAR (since 1 June 2004); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


head of government: President Elias Antonio SACA Gonzalez (since 1 June 2004); Vice President Ana Vilma DE ESCOBAR (since 1 June 2004); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


cabinet: Council of Ministers selected by the president


elections: president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms; election last held 21 March 2004 (next to be held March 2009)


election results: Elias Antonio SACA Gonzalez elected president; percent of vote - Elias Antonio SACA Gonzalez (ARENA) 57.7%, Schafik HANDAL (FMLN) 35.6%, Hector SILVA (CDU-PDC) 3.9%, other 2.8%
chief of state: President Blaise COMPAORE (since 15 October 1987)


head of government: Prime Minister Ernest Paramanga YONLI (since 6 November 2000)


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister


elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 15 November 1998 (next to be held NA 2005); in April 2000, the constitution was amended reducing the presidential term from seven to five years, enforceable as of 2005, and allowing the president to be reelected only once; it is unclear whether this amendment will be applied retroactively or not; prime minister appointed by the president with the consent of the legislature


election results: Blaise COMPAORE reelected president with 87.5% percent of the vote


note: President COMPAORE faces an increasingly well-coordinated opposition; recent charges against a former member of his Presidential Guard in the 1998 assassination of a newspaper editor signify an attempt to defuse chronic areas of dissatisfaction
Exports NA NA (2001)
Exports - commodities offshore assembly exports, coffee, sugar, shrimp, textiles, chemicals, electricity cotton, livestock, gold
Exports - partners US 65.6%, Guatemala 11.8%, Honduras 6.3% (2004) Singapore 14.7%, Italy 11.3%, Colombia 8.6%, France 7.7%, India 6.9%, Ghana 6%, Japan 4.4%, Thailand 4.3% (2002)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description three equal horizontal bands of blue (top), white, and blue with the national coat of arms centered in the white band; the coat of arms features a round emblem encircled by the words REPUBLICA DE EL SALVADOR EN LA AMERICA CENTRAL; similar to the flag of Nicaragua, which has a different coat of arms centered in the white band - it features a triangle encircled by the words REPUBLICA DE NICARAGUA on top and AMERICA CENTRAL on the bottom; also similar to the flag of Honduras, which has five blue stars arranged in an X pattern centered in the white band two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and green with a yellow five-pointed star in the center; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia
GDP - purchasing power parity - $14.51 billion (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 9.2%


industry: 31.1%


services: 59.7% (2004 est.)
agriculture: 35%


industry: 17%


services: 48% (2001)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $4,900 (2004 est.) purchasing power parity - $1,100 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 1.8% (2004 est.) 4.6% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates 13 50 N, 88 55 W 13 00 N, 2 00 W
Geography - note smallest Central American country and only one without a coastline on Caribbean Sea landlocked savanna cut by the three principal rivers of the Black, Red, and White Voltas
Heliports 1 (2004 est.) -
Highways total: 10,029 km


paved: 1,986 km (including 327 km of expressways)


unpaved: 8,043 km (1999 est.)
total: 12,506 km


paved: 2,001 km


unpaved: 10,505 km (1999)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: 1.4%


highest 10%: 39.3% (2001)
lowest 10%: 2%


highest 10%: 46.8% (1994)
Illicit drugs transshipment point for cocaine; small amounts of marijuana produced for local consumption; domestic cocaine abuse on the rise -
Imports NA NA (2001)
Imports - commodities raw materials, consumer goods, capital goods, fuels, foodstuffs, petroleum, electricity capital goods, foodstuffs, petroleum
Imports - partners US 46.3%, Guatemala 8.1%, Mexico 6% (2004) France 27.7%, Cote d'Ivoire 23%, Togo 4.3% (2002)
Independence 15 September 1821 (from Spain) 5 August 1960 (from France)
Industrial production growth rate 0.7% (2004 est.) 14% (2001 est.)
Industries food processing, beverages, petroleum, chemicals, fertilizer, textiles, furniture, light metals cotton lint, beverages, agricultural processing, soap, cigarettes, textiles, gold
Infant mortality rate total: 25.1 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 27.98 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 22.08 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
total: 99.78 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 107.87 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 91.46 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 5.4% (2004 est.) 3.5% (2001 est.)
International organization participation BCIE, CACM, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, MIGA, MINURSO, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, RG, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNOCI, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO ACCT, ACP, AfDB, ECA, ECOWAS, Entente, FAO, FZ, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt (signatory), ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ITU, MONUC, NAM, OAU, OIC, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WADB (regional), WAEMU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 1 (2002)
Irrigated land 360 sq km (1998 est.) 250 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (judges are selected by the Legislative Assembly) Supreme Court; Appeals Court
Labor force 2.75 million (2004 est.) 5 million


note: a large part of the male labor force migrates annually to neighboring countries for seasonal employment (2002)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 17.1%, industry 17.1%, services 65.8% (2003 est.) agriculture 90% (2000 est.)
Land boundaries total: 545 km


border countries: Guatemala 203 km, Honduras 342 km
total: 3,193 km


border countries: Benin 306 km, Cote d'Ivoire 584 km, Ghana 549 km, Mali 1,000 km, Niger 628 km, Togo 126 km
Land use arable land: 31.85%


permanent crops: 12.07%


other: 56.08% (2001)
arable land: 12.43%


permanent crops: 0.18%


other: 87.39% (1998 est.)
Languages Spanish, Nahua (among some Amerindians) French (official), native African languages belonging to Sudanic family spoken by 90% of the population
Legal system based on civil and Roman law, with traces of common law; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations based on French civil law system and customary law
Legislative branch unicameral Legislative Assembly or Asamblea Legislativa (84 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve three-year terms)


elections: last held 16 March 2003 (next to be held March 2006)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - FMLN 31, ARENA 28, PCN 15, PDC 5, CD 5
unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (111 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)


elections: National Assembly election last held 5 May 2002 (next to be held NA May 2007)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - CDP 57, RDA-ADF 17, PDP/PS 10, CFD 5, PAI 5, others 17
Life expectancy at birth total population: 71.22 years


male: 67.61 years


female: 75.01 years (2005 est.)
total population: 44.46 years


male: 43.02 years


female: 45.94 years (2003 est.)
Literacy definition: age 10 and over can read and write


total population: 80.2%


male: 82.8%


female: 77.7% (2003 est.)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 26.6%


male: 36.9%


female: 16.6% (2003 est.)
Location Central America, bordering the North Pacific Ocean, between Guatemala and Honduras Western Africa, north of Ghana
Map references Central America and the Caribbean Africa
Maritime claims territorial sea: 200 nm none (landlocked)
Military branches Army, Navy (FNES), Air Force (FAS) Army, Air Force, National Gendarmerie, National Police, People's Militia
Military expenditures - dollar figure $157 million (2003) $45.83 million (FY02)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 1.1% (2003) 1.4% (FY02)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49: 2,957,710 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49: 1,506,944 (2003 est.)
National holiday Independence Day, 15 September (1821) Republic Day, 11 December (1958)
Nationality noun: Salvadoran(s)


adjective: Salvadoran
noun: Burkinabe (singular and plural)


adjective: Burkinabe
Natural hazards known as the Land of Volcanoes; frequent and sometimes very destructive earthquakes and volcanic activity; extremely susceptible to hurricanes recurring droughts
Natural resources hydropower, geothermal power, petroleum, arable land manganese, limestone, marble; small deposits of gold, antimony, copper, nickel, bauxite, lead, phosphates, zinc, silver
Net migration rate -3.67 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.) 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Political parties and leaders Christian Democratic Party or PDC [Rodolfo PARKER]; Democratic Convergence or CD (formerly United Democratic Center or CDU) [Ruben ZAMORA, secretary general]; Democratic Party or PD [Jorge MELENDEZ]; Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front or FMLN [Medardo GONZALEZ]; Liberal Democratic Party or PLD [Kirio Waldo SALGADO, president]; National Action Party or PAN [Gustavo Rogelio SALINAS, secretary general]; National Conciliation Party or PCN [Ciro CRUZ ZEPEDA, president]; National Republican Alliance or ARENA [Elias Antonio SACA Gonzalez]; Social Christian Union or USC (formed by the merger of Christian Social Renewal Party or PRSC and Unity Movement or MU) [Abraham RODRIGUEZ, president]; Social Democratic Party or PSD [Juan MEDRANO] African Democratic Rally-Alliance for Democracy and Federation or RDA-ADF [Herman YAMEOGO]; Confederation for Federation and Democracy or CFD [Amadou Diemdioda DICKO]; Congress for Democracy and Progress or CDP [Roch Marc-Christian KABORE]; Movement for Tolerance and Progress or MTP [Nayabtigungou Congo KABORE]; Party for African Independence or PAI [Philippe OUEDRAOGO]; Party for Democracy and Progress or PDP [Joseph KI-ZERBO]; Union of Greens for the Development of Burkina Faso or UVDB [Ram OVEDRAGO]
Political pressure groups and leaders labor organizations - Electrical Industry Union of El Salvador or SIES; Federation of the Construction Industry, Similar Transport and other activities, or FESINCONTRANS; National Confederation of Salvadoran Workers or CNTS; National Union of Salvadoran Workers or UNTS; Port Industry Union of El Salvador or SIPES; Salvadoran Union of Ex-Petrolleros and Peasant Workers or USEPOC; Salvadoran Workers Central or CTS; Workers Union of Electrical Corporation or STCEL; business organizations - National Association of Small Enterprise or ANEP; Salvadoran Assembly Industry Association or ASIC; Salvadoran Industrial Association or ASI Burkinabe General Confederation of Labor or CGTB; Burkinabe Movement for Human Rights or MBDHP; Group of 14 February; National Confederation of Burkinabe Workers or CNTB; National Organization of Free Unions or ONSL; watchdog/political action groups throughout the country in both organizations and communities
Population 6,704,932 (July 2005 est.) 13,228,460


note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line 36.1% (2003 est.) 45% (2001 est.)
Population growth rate 1.75% (2005 est.) 2.6% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors Acajutla, Puerto Cutuco none
Radio broadcast stations AM 61 (plus 24 repeaters), FM 30, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 3, FM 17, shortwave 3 (2002)
Railways total: 283 km


narrow gauge: 283 km 0.914-m gauge


note: length of operational route reduced from 562 km to 283 km by disuse and lack of maintenance (2004)
total: 622 km


narrow gauge: 622 km 1.000-m gauge


note:: another 660 km of this railway extends into Cote D'Ivoire (2002)
Religions Roman Catholic 83%, other 17%


note: there is extensive activity by Protestant groups throughout the country; by the end of 1992, there were an estimated 1 million Protestant evangelicals in El Salvador
indigenous beliefs 40%, Muslim 50%, Christian (mainly Roman Catholic) 10%
Sex ratio at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.91 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female


total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.74 male(s)/female


total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal universal
Telephone system general assessment: NA


domestic: nationwide microwave radio relay system


international: country code - 503; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); connected to Central American Microwave System
general assessment: all services only fair


domestic: microwave radio relay, open-wire, and radiotelephone communication stations


international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 752,600 (2003) 53,200 (2000)
Telephones - mobile cellular 1,149,800 (2003) 25,200 (2000)
Television broadcast stations 5 (1997) 1 (2002)
Terrain mostly mountains with narrow coastal belt and central plateau mostly flat to dissected, undulating plains; hills in west and southeast
Total fertility rate 3.16 children born/woman (2005 est.) 6.34 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate 6.3% - but the economy has much underemployment (2004 est.) NA%
Waterways Rio Lempa partially navigable (2004) none
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